Salary Tools
UK, US, and KSA take-home pay, UK pension salary sacrifice, and UK student loan repayment — five full calculators on one page, each in its own colour-coded section below.
Calculator guide
How this salary tools works
This page brings together every salary-related calculator on this site: UK, US, and KSA take-home pay, UK pension salary sacrifice, and UK student loan repayment. Each keeps its own dedicated calculation engine and full methodology — nothing about how any individual tool works has changed, they are simply organized as sections of one page instead of five separate ones, with an index at the top and colour-coded sections so you can jump straight to the one you need.
The three take-home calculators use completely different tax systems by design: the UK tool applies PAYE Income Tax bands, National Insurance, and student loan/pension treatment sourced live from gov.uk; the US tool follows the IRS Publication 15-T percentage method plus Social Security and Medicare, with state-by-state withholding coverage; the KSA tool models GOSI social insurance (which depends entirely on nationality, since Saudi Arabia has no personal income tax), end-of-service gratuity, and the visa/government fees that commonly surprise people working there. Salary sacrifice compares ordinary UK take-home pay against a pension salary-sacrifice arrangement, and the student loan calculator isolates Plan 1/2/4/5/Postgraduate repayments from the rest of a payslip.
Every tool also includes a "compare in another currency" panel using the same median, multi-source exchange rate as this site's currency converter, so a UK, US, or KSA offer can be checked against your own currency without leaving the page.
UK Take-Home Salary Calculator
This calculator applies the same Income Tax bands, National Insurance thresholds, and Personal Allowance rules HMRC uses for PAYE — sourced directly from gov.uk (see the live verification banner on the page itself) rather than a fixed lookup table that goes stale. Everyone gets a tax-free Personal Allowance (£12,570 for most people in the current tax year) before Income Tax applies at all, then Basic, Higher, and Additional rates apply in bands above that — England, Wales, and Northern Ireland share one set of bands; Scotland sets its own, with more bands at different rates.
Above £100,000 of income, the Personal Allowance itself starts shrinking — £1 lost for every £2 earned above that threshold, reaching £0 at £125,140. If you have an actual PAYE tax code from a payslip, entering it gives a more accurate result than the calculator's own default assumption, since a tax code already reflects adjustments like Marriage Allowance, benefits in kind, or a second job.
National Insurance is calculated separately from Income Tax, over its own threshold and rate — it's the same across all of the UK regardless of Scottish or rUK Income Tax bands. Student loan repayments (Plans 1, 2, 4, 5, and Postgraduate) and pension contributions are each applied on top, with the pension contribution method (salary sacrifice, net pay, or relief at source) changing what it's calculated against.
No tax code entered — using the standard Personal Allowance.
| Category | Annual | Monthly | Weekly |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gross pay | £40,000.00 | £3,333.33 | £769.23 |
| Income Tax | -£5,486.00 | -£457.17 | -£105.50 |
| National Insurance | -£2,194.40 | -£182.87 | -£42.20 |
| Net pay | £32,319.60 | £2,693.30 | £621.53 |
Step by step: how your Income Tax was worked out
| Gross income | £40,000.00 |
| Personal Allowance used | -£12,570.00 |
| Taxable income | £27,430.00 |
| Basic rate — £27,430.00 at 20% | £5,486.00 |
| Total Income Tax | £5,486.00 |
- Take-home pay (monthly)
- £2,693.30
Compare in another currency
Methodology and sources
Last reviewed:
The salary calculator applies PAYE-style Income Tax bands, National Insurance thresholds, student loan repayment thresholds, and the selected pension treatment to the gross pay entered. Annual, monthly, and weekly inputs are normalized before the breakdown is calculated.
Where a PAYE tax code is entered, the calculator adjusts the allowance used in the estimate. Without a code, it uses the standard allowance and the selected UK region for Income Tax band logic.
Assumptions
- The estimate covers one employment income stream and does not model benefits in kind, dividends, savings income, Gift Aid, bonuses with irregular timing, or multiple jobs.
- Scottish Income Tax bands are applied only when Scotland is selected; National Insurance is UK-wide for this calculator.
- Tax rules can change, so payslips, HMRC, and professional advice override this estimate.
Sources
This is a PAYE estimate, not tax advice. Your employer, HMRC, pension provider, or student-loan account may apply details not captured here.
Spot a methodology issue? Send a correction.
US Take-Home Salary Calculator
This calculator applies the IRS Publication 15-T (2026) Percentage Method for Automated Payroll Systems — the same worksheet employer payroll systems use — rather than the headline annual income-tax brackets, which estimate final tax liability, not paycheck withholding. It supports Form W-4 Steps 2 through 4, all five common pay frequencies, and both salaried and hourly (with overtime) income.
Social Security is withheld at 6.2% up to the 2026 wage base of $184,500; Medicare at 1.45% with no ceiling, plus an Additional Medicare 0.9% withholding once wages from this employer exceed $200,000 in the year — both employee-only, never employer-side FICA.
State income-tax withholding is currently verified for 19 states: 9 with no broad wage income tax (Alaska, Florida, Nevada, New Hampshire, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Washington, and Wyoming) plus 10 with verified 2026 withholding rates or brackets (Arizona, California, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, New York, Pennsylvania, and Utah). Every other state returns a federal-and-FICA-only estimate with a visible warning, rather than a silently wrong $0 — state coverage is expanding in later updates.
Improve accuracy (W-4 details, YTD wages, bonuses)
Your estimated take-home pay
- Gross annual salary
- $75,000.00
- Estimated annual take-home pay
- $61,592.44
- Take-home pay per paycheck
- $2,368.94
- Take-home pay per month
- $5,132.70
- Effective deduction rate
- 17.88%
| Category | Annual | Per paycheck | % of gross |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gross pay | $75,000.12 | $2,884.62 | 100% |
| Federal income-tax withholding | -$7,670.00 | -$295.00 | 10.23% |
| Social Security | -$4,650.10 | -$178.85 | 6.2% |
| Medicare | -$1,087.58 | -$41.83 | 1.45% |
| State income-tax withholding | $0.00 | $0.00 | 0% |
| Estimated take-home pay | $61,592.44 | $2,368.94 | 82.12% |
Why are taxable wages different?
A pretax deduction like a 401(k) or HSA contribution can reduce one taxable wage base without reducing another — this is why federal, Social Security, Medicare, and state taxable wages can differ for the same paycheck.
- Gross wages
- $2,884.62
- Federal income-tax taxable wages
- $2,884.62
- Social Security taxable wages
- $2,884.62
- Medicare taxable wages
- $2,884.62
- State taxable wages
- $2,884.62
| Category | Amount |
|---|---|
| Take-home pay | $61,592.44 |
| Federal withholding | $7,670.00 |
| FICA (Social Security + Medicare) | $5,737.68 |
- Take-home pay: $61,592.44
- Federal withholding: $7,670.00
- FICA (Social Security + Medicare): $5,737.68
Marginal federal rate 22% · effective federal withholding rate 10.23%. Mandatory withholding and FICA are shown separately from voluntary deductions like 401(k) and health-premium contributions, which remain part of your compensation.
Assumptions and calculation trace
Tax year 2026 · Texas · Support level: supported
- Normalized gross wages — grossAnnual / periodsPerYear(biweekly)
- Annual salary — annualSalary
- Work and residence state are the same
- Deduction wage-base treatment applied — periodGross - sum(deductions where treatment applies to this wage base)
- Gross wages
- Federal income-tax taxable wages
- Social Security taxable wages
- Medicare taxable wages
- State taxable wages
- Employee FICA (Social Security + Medicare + Additional Medicare)
- Social Security (6.2%, wage base $184,500) — min(periodWages, max(0, wageBase - ytdWages)) * 0.062
- Medicare (1.45%, no wage ceiling) — periodWages * 0.0145
- Additional Medicare (0.9% above $200,000 YTD) — max(0, ytdMedicareWages + periodWages - 200000) - max(0, ytdMedicareWages - 200000) * 0.009
- Federal income-tax withholding (Publication 15-T, Percentage Method, Worksheet 1A)
- Annualized wage (line 1c)
- Adjusted Annual Wage Amount (line 1i)
- Tentative annual withholding (line 2g), single_or_mfs standard schedule — 5800 + (adjustedAnnualWage - 57900) * 0.22
- After Step 3 credits (line 3c), floored at $0
- Plus Step 4(c) extra withholding — final period withholding
- TX has no broad wage income tax
- No locality selected
Compare with another state
Compares payroll withholding only, using the same salary, filing status, and deductions you've entered above — not cost of living, housing costs, or relocation advice.
| Scenario | Current | Comparison | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Location | Texas | California | |
| Take-home pay (annual) | $61,592.44 | $58,372.08 | -$3,220.36 |
| Take-home pay (per paycheck) | $2,368.94 | $2,245.08 | -$123.86 |
| Effective deduction rate | 17.88% | 22.17% | |
| Support status | supported | supported |
Compare in another currency
Methodology and sources
Last reviewed:
Federal withholding follows IRS Publication 15-T (2026) Worksheet 1A line by line: annualize the pay-period wage, apply Form W-4 Step 4(a)/(b) adjustments, look up the tentative annual withholding in the Percentage Method table for the selected filing status and Step 2 schedule, subtract Step 3 credits (floored at $0), divide back to the pay period, then add Step 4(c) extra withholding.
Social Security and Medicare use the 2026 employee rates and thresholds confirmed against IRS Topic 751. State withholding is calculated for 19 verified states (9 with no broad wage income tax, 10 with verified flat or progressive rates); every other state and every local tax is explicitly marked unsupported rather than assumed to be $0.
Assumptions
- This estimates payroll withholding, not your final federal or state tax liability — the two are related but different calculations.
- Pretax 401(k)/403(b) contributions reduce federal and state taxable wages but not Social Security/Medicare wages; Section 125 health, HSA, and FSA deductions reduce all three by default.
- Local (city/county) taxes, most state income taxes, employee-paid state disability/family-leave programs, and multi-state reciprocity beyond Pennsylvania/New Jersey are not yet modeled. Several supported states (Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Pennsylvania) assume $0 in state-specific withholding allowances since this calculator does not collect that state’s own W-4-equivalent form.
Sources
This is an estimate of payroll withholding and take-home pay, not tax, legal, or payroll advice. Your payslip and final tax liability may differ, especially for the 32 states and DC not yet individually modeled.
Spot a methodology issue? Send a correction.
KSA Take-Home Salary Calculator
Saudi Arabia has no personal income tax, so the only payroll deduction this calculator models is GOSI (the General Organization for Social Insurance) — and GOSI depends entirely on nationality. Saudi and GCC nationals pay employee GOSI of 9.75% (plus an 11.75% employer share) on basic salary plus housing allowance, capped at a SAR 45,000 monthly wage ceiling. Non-Saudi expatriates pay no employee GOSI at all — only the employer contributes, 2% for Occupational Hazards cover — so for most expatriates, net pay is effectively equal to gross pay.
Because expatriate take-home pay rarely differs from gross salary, the more useful comparisons for a KSA offer are the ones this calculator adds alongside GOSI: an end-of-service gratuity (EOSB) estimate under Labor Law Articles 84 and 85 (half a month's wage per year for the first five years, a full month per year after that, reduced on voluntary resignation before ten years), a checklist of visa and government fees that commonly surprise people — Iqama renewal, the monthly expat work-permit levy, per-dependent levy, exit/re-entry and final-exit visa fees, and sponsorship transfer costs — and a currency comparison so a SAR offer can be converted into your home currency using the same median multi-source exchange rate as this site's currency converter.
Health insurance is a mandatory employer-provided benefit under Council of Cooperative Health Insurance (CCHI) regulations, not a payroll deduction, so it is shown as an informational note rather than a fabricated withholding line — with an optional field for the (less common) case where an employer charges to add dependents to their scheme.
Variable allowances, not used for GOSI or EOSB
Your estimated take-home pay
- Gross monthly salary
- SAR 11,000.00
- Gross annual salary
- SAR 132,000.00
- Estimated net pay per month
- SAR 11,000.00
- Estimated net pay per year
- SAR 132,000.00
- Effective deduction rate
- 0%
GOSI (social insurance)
- GOSI wage base (basic + housing)
- SAR 10,000.00
- Employee contribution
- SAR 0.00
- Employer contribution (not deducted from your pay)
- SAR 200.00
Non-Saudi employees have no employee-side GOSI deduction — only the employer pays (Occupational Hazards, 2%).
Compare in another currency
Methodology and sources
Last reviewed:
GOSI is calculated on basic salary plus housing allowance only, capped at the SAR 45,000 monthly wage ceiling. Saudi/GCC nationals pay 9.75% employee / 11.75% employer (the stable "Old System" rate; a phased-in "New System" for employees registered after 3 July 2024 is not modeled). Non-Saudi employees pay 0% employee GOSI; only the employer's 2% Occupational Hazards contribution applies.
End-of-service gratuity follows Labor Law Article 84 (0.5 month's wage per year of service for the first 5 years, 1 month per year after, pro-rated for partial years) on basic + housing + transport allowance, then Article 85 resignation tiers if separation is voluntary (0% under 2 years, 1/3 for 2-5 years, 2/3 for 5-10 years, full award at 10+ years or on employer termination/contract expiry). This is shown separately from monthly take-home pay, never combined with it.
The visa/government fee checklist is a reference list, not a deduction — each line is tagged with who typically pays it, since Article 40 assigns Iqama/work-permit costs to the employer by default but actual coverage varies by employer and contract.
Assumptions
- This models GOSI, EOSB, and common visa/government fees only — it does not model income tax (Saudi Arabia has none for individuals), Zakat, or corporate-side obligations.
- GOSI uses the "Old System" rate that applies to the majority of existing Saudi/GCC employees; the phased-in "New System" rate for post-3-July-2024 registrants is not modeled.
- The visa/government fee checklist uses standard published fee schedules; actual costs can vary by region, processing channel, and employer contract, and who pays each fee is frequently negotiated rather than fixed.
Sources
This is an estimate of GOSI deductions, take-home pay, end-of-service gratuity, and reference visa fees, not tax, legal, payroll, or immigration advice. Your employment contract, GOSI account, and Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development records may apply details not captured here.
Spot a methodology issue? Send a correction.
UK Salary Sacrifice Calculator
Salary sacrifice is an arrangement where you give up part of your contractual salary and your employer pays that amount into your pension instead. Because the sacrificed salary is no longer treated as taxable pay, it can reduce Income Tax, employee National Insurance, and student-loan deductions compared with taking the same amount as salary.
This calculator compares a baseline PAYE estimate with a salary-sacrifice pension estimate using the same UK tax-year data as the take-home salary calculator. Enter your gross annual salary, choose a sacrifice amount or percentage, then select the income-tax region and any student loan plan that applies.
The result shows the pension contribution created by the sacrifice, the estimated annual and monthly take-home change, and the payroll savings that explain why the take-home reduction is usually smaller than the amount paid into the pension. It does not add employer National Insurance savings, because employers differ on whether they keep those savings, pass them into the pension, or split them under scheme rules.
- Annual take-home before sacrifice
- £39,519.60
- Annual take-home after sacrifice
- £37,719.60
- Monthly take-home before sacrifice
- £3,293.30
- Monthly take-home after sacrifice
- £3,143.30
- Annual take-home change
- -£1,800.00
- Monthly take-home change
- -£150.00
- Pension contribution from sacrifice
- £2,500.00
- Income Tax saving
- £500.00
- National Insurance saving
- £200.00
- Student loan saving
- £0.00
A sacrifice of £2,500.00 (5%) reduces contractual salary to £47,500.00 and is treated here as an employer pension contribution of the same amount.
Estimated payroll savings are £700.00, so each £1.00 sacrificed costs about £0.72 of take-home pay. Employer National Insurance savings are not added because employers vary in whether they pass those savings into your pension.
Compare in another currency
Methodology and sources
Last reviewed:
The calculator runs two PAYE-style estimates: one with no pension sacrifice and one with the selected sacrifice treated as a salary-sacrifice pension contribution. The difference between the two results is shown as the take-home impact.
Salary sacrifice reduces the taxable pay, National Insurance base, and student-loan repayment base used by the shared UK tax engine. Income Tax bands, Scottish bands, National Insurance thresholds, and student-loan thresholds come from the same GOV.UK-sourced constants used by the salary calculator.
Assumptions
- The estimate covers one employment income stream and assumes the sacrificed amount is permitted by the employer pension scheme.
- Employer National Insurance savings are not added to the pension contribution because employers vary in whether and how they pass those savings on.
- The calculator does not model minimum wage limits, auto-enrolment eligibility, bonus sacrifice timing, employer matching rules, or annual allowance/tapered annual allowance issues.
Sources
Salary-sacrifice results are estimates for comparison only. Check your employer scheme rules, payslip, pension provider, and HMRC guidance before changing pension contributions.
Spot a methodology issue? Send a correction.
UK Student Loan Repayment Calculator
UK student loan repayments are based on income above the repayment threshold for your plan, not on the total balance you owe. This calculator estimates the payroll-style repayment amount for Plan 1, Plan 2, Plan 4, Plan 5, and Postgraduate loans using the current tax-year thresholds already used by the salary calculator.
Choose an annual, monthly, or weekly income and the repayment plan that applies to you. The calculator normalizes the income to an annual figure, subtracts the selected plan threshold, and applies the plan repayment percentage only to the income above that threshold.
This is useful for quickly separating student-loan deductions from the rest of a take-home-pay estimate, or for comparing how different plans behave at the same income level. It does not model loan balances, interest added to the loan account, write-off dates, voluntary repayments, or whether a specific loan should be repaid early. For those decisions, use official Student Loans Company information or qualified financial advice.
- Estimated annual repayment
- £505.35
- Estimated monthly repayment
- £42.11
- Estimated weekly repayment
- £9.72
Plan 2 repayments for tax year 2026/27 are estimated at 9% of income above £29,385.00 a year.
Your normalized annual income is £35,000.00, so £5,615.00 is above the selected threshold.
Methodology and sources
Last reviewed:
The calculator annualizes the income entered, subtracts the selected student-loan plan threshold, and applies that plan repayment rate to income above the threshold. Income below the threshold produces a zero repayment estimate.
Plan thresholds and rates are imported from the same 2026/27 GOV.UK-sourced constants used by the UK take-home salary calculator, so both tools stay aligned.
Assumptions
- This estimates repayment from employment income only and does not model self-assessment rounding, bonuses with irregular timing, refunds, arrears, or employer payroll timing.
- It does not calculate loan interest, outstanding balance, write-off date, or whether making voluntary repayments is beneficial.
- If multiple plans apply, calculate each plan separately or use the take-home salary calculator for a combined payroll estimate.
Student loan repayment results are estimates for guidance only. Your payroll, Student Loans Company account, and HMRC records may apply details not captured here.
Spot a methodology issue? Send a correction.
Frequently asked questions
Why were the individual salary calculators combined onto one page?
To make every salary-related tool easier to find and compare from a single page — each keeps its own full calculation engine, inputs, and methodology, just reorganized as a section instead of a separate page.
Does this calculator store my salary information?
No — every calculation on this page, in every section, runs locally in your browser. Salary, allowance, deduction, and location values are never sent to analytics, ads, or any server.
UK: What is the Personal Allowance?
The amount you can earn each tax year before paying any Income Tax at all — £12,570 for most people in the current tax year. It tapers down above £100,000 of income and reaches £0 at £125,140.
UK: Why is National Insurance the same regardless of region, but Income Tax differs in Scotland?
National Insurance is set by the UK government and applies UK-wide. Income Tax on earnings, by contrast, is partially devolved — the Scottish Parliament sets its own Income Tax bands and rates for Scottish taxpayers.
US: How accurate is the US take-home salary section?
Federal withholding and FICA follow the official IRS 2026 Publication 15-T method and rates exactly. State withholding is calculated for 19 verified states — every other state, plus all local/city taxes, shows a visible 'not yet supported' warning instead of a guessed number.
US: Does a 401(k) contribution reduce Social Security and Medicare tax?
No, by default — a traditional 401(k)/403(b) contribution reduces federal (and state) taxable wages but not the wages Social Security and Medicare are calculated on. Section 125 health, HSA, and FSA payroll deductions do reduce all three.
KSA: Does Saudi Arabia have personal income tax?
No — Saudi Arabia does not levy personal income tax on employment income. The only payroll deduction the KSA section models is GOSI (social insurance), which depends on nationality.
KSA: What other costs should I budget for beyond GOSI?
Visa and government fees are a common surprise: Iqama renewal, a monthly expat work-permit levy, a per-dependent levy, exit/re-entry and final-exit visa fees, and sponsorship-transfer fees if switching employers. The KSA section includes an optional checklist for all of these.
Salary sacrifice: why does my take-home pay fall by less than the pension contribution?
The sacrificed salary is not treated as ordinary taxable pay, so the estimate reduces Income Tax and employee National Insurance, and student-loan repayments when a plan is selected. Those savings offset part of the pension contribution.
Student loan: is repayment based on my total student loan balance?
No. Payroll repayments are based on income above your plan threshold, not the balance, interest, or write-off date — use Student Loans Company information for those.
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